Kaspersky - Anti Virus - 1113 Words

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LJUBLJANA, 5TH MARCH 2013 1. PERFORM A SWOT ANALYSIS FOR KL. SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. By definition, Strengths (S) and Weaknesses (W) are considered to be internal factors over which you have some measure of control. Also, by definition, Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) are considered to be external factors over which you have essentially no control. 2. FROM THE KLS STANDPOINT, HOW WOULD YOU SEGMENT THE POTENTIAL MARKET FOR ANTI-VIRUS PRODUCTS? EVALUATE KLS PERFORMANCES IN EACH OF THE SEGMENTS. Market segmentation is a marketing strategy that involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers who have common needs and applications†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, those who are not interested in the issue, the most important thing to do is attract them by the efficiency of the product in order to promote is the company quality and highlight their competence. This segment may become the most important target market. There is also the possibility of create another segment of the market composed of the users who do not care about quality and seek only for free products. Thus, knowing that Kaspersky Lab has only trial versions of free antivirus, would be a good bet investing in this market to attract this target population. As the text says, the company provides a great working environment in every city it is settled, suiting their marketing strategy according to the different countries (different segments). The fact that the firm has incredible re putation in many countries means that they are aware of each kind of client’s expectations (each segment). 3. DID KLS RUSSIAN ORIGIN LEAD TO AN ADVERSE PERCEIVED IMPACT ON ITS BRAND IMAGE? WHAT WERE SOME OF THE ACTIVITIES KL DID TO ENHANCE ITS BRAND COO? WHAT OTHER ACTIVITIES WOULD YOU AND OVERCOME THE NEGATIVE SUGGEST TO STRENGTHEN ITS BRAND GLOBALLY? KL (Kaspersky Lab) is a company headquartered in Russia that provides information technology (IT) security software such as anti-virus, anti-spam and network security software to protect computer users against viruses, hackers and spam. This company became Russia’sShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis Kaspersky Lab: from Russia with Anti-Virus Essay2780 Words   |  12 PagesCase Analysis Kaspersky Lab: From Russia with Anti-virus Industry Background: Software Security Cybercrime has become a fast growing concern for the 21st century as businesses, institutions and individuals grow into an interconnected web of computer networks. Online business transactions, along with the sharing of personal information, are vulnerable to a host of disasters that can reap economic and social havoc. Some sources say that today, cybercrime costs more than $1.0 trillion to society--GlobalRead MoreEssay on Kaspersky 2011 Review528 Words   |  3 Pagescomputer without anti-virus software. The unknown links, virus, Trojans and what not pose a serious threat to the working of the computer. Kaspersky has always been one of the best anti-virus software available. In this Kaspersky 2011 review, we would discuss about this software’s advantages and assistance. If you are looking to protect your computer from unwanted intrusions, Kaspersky is to trust. Although Kaspersky has always been given its users the best, this new Kaspersky 2011 is an improvedRead MoreComputer Viruses And Threats : What Are These And How Can You Prevent Them From Harming Your System?1370 Words   |  6 Pageshow can you prevent them from harming your system? What are Computer Viruses and Threats? These are computer programs designed to spread it from computer to computer like a disease and interfere with the computer operation. If a virus gets into your computer, they can delete all your data, send emails without your permission and even communicate personal and sensitive information to criminals. It can usually spread in one of three ways; from removable media, Internet downloads andRead MoreAntivirus Protection Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesComputer Specialist Date: October 24, 2017 Subject: Recommendation for Antivirus Protection I have three recommendations for antivirus and firewall packages on the internet, this is due to the virus attack we had last week on our 50 workstations where half was down to a virus. First would be Kaspersky it is well-known for its antivirus software and usually scores higher than most in third-party tests for protection. This version is specifically designed to protect all types of small business devicesRead MorePrevention, Detection And Prevention Of Virus Essay3532 Words   |  15 PagesNEW ZEALAND SCHOOL OF EDUCATION LAN- LOCAL AREA NETWORK MANAGEMENT/ PERFORMANCE/ SUPPORT/ DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF VIRUS ASSESSMENT REPORT SUBMITTED TO  ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ VIDHYA DESAI STUDENT ID: 145177 BATCH NO: 70714 BY: YUGANDHAR KAMBAPATI Contents Introduction 3 1. MANAGING THE ACCESS 3 1.1 IDENTIFYING THE RESOURCES 3 1.2 Access Levels 4 1.3 Methods to Control Access 5 1.4 Purpose of Audit Trial 6 2. PERFORMANCE ISSUES ON LAN 7 2.1 Data AnalysisRead MoreNotes On New Laptops And Office For Configuration1573 Words   |  7 Pages she experienced more issues with her anti-virus and contacted Kaspersky technical support. A technician performed a system restore to before the 06/11/2015, effectively undoing work that had been done. Connected remotely to the computer. Reversed the system restore done by Kaspersky. Installed the version of Java required by the McKesson web site, and disable java updates. Verified that the web site worked correctly. Used a removal tool from Kaspersky to completely remove the application.Read MoreThe Crime Of Computer Forensics1865 Words   |  8 Pagesconfidential information, can ruin its reputation and compromise the security of its data. These sorts of breaches of computer security are ones that can cause widespread damage youre aware of as well as unseen damage. Many businesses have chosen Kaspersky AntiVirus in order to thoroughly safeguard themselves from Internet thre ats. Corporations are the favorite challenge for hackers, but there are areas in which they threaten individual computer security too. Computers can be temporarily or permanentlyRead MoreIs The Virus A Virus?928 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a virus, by definition it is a â€Å"Software that is self-replicating and spreads like a biological virus.† (Easttom, 2013-2014) They’re many forms of virus such as: Spyware which like its name spies on your behavior and sends this data to a remote computer. You also have Adware which like its name as well targets you for ads and different advertisements. You’re more harmful forms of viruses are Trojans which is a type of malware that is often disguised as legitimate software (Kaspersky Lab, 1997-2015)Read MoreCyber Attacks : A Huge Problem For Online Communities1231 Words   |  5 Pagesmost popular, is the computer virus. Computer viruses are man-made malicious software programs, that are designed to duplicate numerous times into other computer programs, or data files. They enter the computer, without the user knowing. When the replication is completed, the areas that were affected with the viruses are known to be infected. Viruses quickly take up available memory, and can even be capable of transmitting themselves through networks, and bypass anti-virus programs. Most of the timeRead MoreOperation Shady Rat ( Remote Access Tool )2271 Words   |  10 Pagesfor financial gain; it appears that the perpetrators were after trade secrets and intellectual property. There are differing opinions on the severity and complexity methods used to compromise the computer systems by security vendors McAfee and Kaspersky but those whose information was accessed without proper authorization will attest to the significance of the compromises. There has been no attribution for the perpetrators of Operation RAT. A 2011 report by McAfee revealed a five-year

Essay on Slaughter House Five - 842 Words

Kurt Vonnegut’s novel Slaughterhouse Five shows the life of Billy Pilgrim through a twisted tunnel of reality. Pilgrim is raised in Ilium, New York and grows up to become an optometrist but shortly after is drafted into World War 2. This soldier’s life is not shown as a straight line where you’re born in the beginning and die at the end but rather as a scatter plot of time due to Billy’s time traveling ways. â€Å" Billy Pilgrim has come unstuck in time. Billy has gone to sleep a senile widower and awakened on his wedding day† (Vonnegut 29). With Billy unstuck in time it leaves his body traveling back and forth through time. Kurt Vonnegut also uses elements of science fiction to highlight the ills of modern society and the perils of†¦show more content†¦Vonnegut reinforces the ideology of the perils or warfare through Billy Pilgrim. Pilgrim experiences many hardships during his time throughout World War 2 and his time in Dresden. B illy and his fellow American soldiers endure many hardships such as overcrowding, no food and the weather is to harsh, on their long voyage to the prison camp. Not only was there very little room on the train but no one would let Billy sleep next to them due to Billy’s wild night terrors. This led to Billy having to post himself up in the corner of the stagecoach in order to sleep standing up. â€Å"Billy Pilgrim was lying at an angle on the corner brace, self crucified, holding himself there with a blue and ivory claw hooked over the sill of the ventilator† (Vonnegut 101). This musters up the image that Billy looked like Jesus Christ on the cross which Billy is also compared to during the novel. Upon the trains arrival at the German prison camp, Billy’s attire did not resemble that of an American Soldier. Billy Pilgrim had no shoes or jacket and it was in the middle of the harsh winter. After getting of the train and stepping foot on the cold dead soi l of the camp, Jackets are taken from the dead corpses of dead prisoners and given to the so called â€Å"newcomers†. The coats are given out in little frozen clumps as if they cant even be worn and it is Billy who receives the smallest and least effective looking coat. â€Å" The coatShow MoreRelatedThe Slaughter House Five Centers1944 Words   |  8 Pages Slaughter House Five centers around how Billy Pilgrim is affected after experiencing the bombing of Dresden during his service in World War II. Pilgrim s journey through the war impacted the rest of his life, arguably ruining it, and causing him to have PTSD. The creation of the aliens in Pilgrim s head caused him to look at the world differently, and allowed him to be absolved from most of his guilt. The way Pilgrim reacts to the deaths that surround him also shows his new perspective on lifeRead MoreThe Movie Slaughter House Five 1810 Words   |  8 Pagesof Warfare During February 1945, World War II had long begun, affecting millions of people throughout the entire world. Disease and famine were faced by both civilians and soldiers, and the casualties were about 80 million. Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughter House-Five mostly takes place during the war, specifically during the time of the infamous Dresden bombing. The main character, Billy Pilgrim, is an American soldier who lived to tell, and was present during, the bombing. It is through Billy Pilgrim’sRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The Slaughter House Five1302 Words   |  6 PagesViews on War in Vonnegut s Slaughter House Five Many people returned from World War II with disturbing images forever stuck in their heads. Others returned and went crazy and terrors faced. The protagonist in Slaughter-House Five, Billy Pilgrim, has to deal with some of these things along with many other complications in his life. Slaughter House Five (1968), by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., is an anti-war novel about a man’s life before, after and during the time he spent fighting in World War II. WhileRead MoreKurt Vonneguts Slaughter House Five Essay504 Words   |  3 PagesSlaughter House Five Expaination Based on Kurt Vonnegut Jr.s book by the same name, Slaughterhouse Five has been described by many as one of the best anti-war novels of the 20th Century. In Slaughterhouse Five, Billy Pilgrim finds unstuck in time jumping between several periods of his life. From his experience as a prisoner of war in World War II to his suburban family life in the 1950s and 1960s, and his experience as a human specimen in an alien zoo on a distant planet, Billy seemingly hasRead More Views on War in Vonneguts Slaughter House Five Essay1328 Words   |  6 PagesViews on War in Vonneguts Slaughter House Five    Many people returned from World War II with disturbing images forever stuck in their heads. Others returned and went crazy due to the many hardships and terrors faced. The protagonist in Slaughter-House Five, Billy Pilgrim, has to deal with some of these things along with many other complications in his life. Slaughter House Five (1968), by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., is an anti-war novel about a man’s life before, after and during the time he spent fightingRead More Looking Into the Past in Vonneguts Slaughter House-Five Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesInto the Past in Vonneguts Slaughter House-Five In the spring of 1945, near the end of World War II, American and British bombers rained a hail of fire upon the city of Dresden, Germany. With an estimated 135,000 dead, Dresden is known as one of the deadliest attacks in History, nearly twice as many deaths than the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. Kurt Vonnegut was among the few who lived through the firestorm; he wrote a book about it in fact. Slaughter House-Five (1969) is a fictional recountRead More The Downside of War in Kurt Vonnegut Jr.s Slaughter House Five527 Words   |  3 PagesThe Downside of War in Kurt Vonnegut Jr.s Slaughter House Five Many people view soldiers in war to have nothing more than a duty that they must perform; so they see war as being outrageous or ridiculous. In the novel Slaughter House Five (1968),written by Kurt Vonnegut Jr., Billy Pilgrim, who is a soldier in World War II, is captured and becomes a prisoner of war. Billy is seen as the protagonist. He is moved to various prison camps until he finally ends up in Dresden. Dresden is bombed andRead MoreBilly Pilgrim and the View of Time in Slaughter House Five by Kurt Vonnegut1178 Words   |  5 PagesThe year is 1944, 1945, 1964, 1967, 1968, and 1976 as Billy Pilgrim becomes unstuck in time. For many of us we see time as a river. It drifts listlessly from the springs to the ocean. We cannot touch the same waters twice. In the Novel Slaughter House five by Kurt Vonnegut, Billy Pilgrim discovers the true abounding nature of time. And that time is not a river, but the entire ocean, every water molecule a moment in time existing all at once in th e vast blue of eternity. In 1967 Billy PilgrimRead MoreAnalysis of Chapter 3 of Kurth Vonneguts Slaughter House Five1553 Words   |  7 Pages In this essay I will be stylistically analysing an extract from Chapter 3 of Kurt Vonnegut’s novel; Slaughterhouse Five. I am particularly interested in the effects different perspectives have throughout my extract, as well as the effects of the narrative structure and if it conforms or diverges from the typical models of narrative structure. I am also going to be analysing the characterisation of different figures in my extract and the impressions these give on the characters. I will also be lookingRead MoreGeorge Roy Hills Movie Adaptation of Kurt Vonneguts Slaughter-House Five1100 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Roy Hills movie adaptation of Kurt Vonneguts novel Slaughter-house Five is a fairly accurate version that stays relatively close to Vonneguts own vision. Throughout Vonnegut novel Billy Pilgrim, a WWII soldier who was captured by the Germans and held captive as an American POW (prisoner of war), demonstrates several extreme compulsive tendencies due to the horrific ev ents he witnessed as an American POW victim. After reading of Billy’s experiences, I did not have faith in the movies ability

IT Management Issues for Public Transportation -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIT Management Issues for Public Transportation. Answer: Introduction Bid Taxi is a service that has been proposed in order to improve the ride sharing services for the passenger. As a replacement of the existing system of offering services in a fixed rate, the Bid Taxi makes use of bidding service for a ride. For availing the Bid Taxi services, customers will have to state the beginning and end point of the journey, the number of passengers who will be availing the service and the time for pick up. These data will be broadcasted to all the drivers or driver providers, and the interested driver provider will bid for the service (Lucas Lau, 2012). Customers can therefore choose from the available bidding options. This therefore improves the process of booking the ride. Customers will be able to able to track the responses of the drivers in real time. Apart from this, the whole journey will be tracked with the help of a GPS system. The report discusses the working principle and the business operation of Bid Taxi and recommends certain improvement in the services as well. The business operation of Bid taxi is discussed in the following section. Business Operation In order to provide a hassle free service to the passengers, the Ministry of Public Transportation has set up certain business goals that give an overview of the business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation. The business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation is as follows- The Bid Taxi services provides an option of making and online booking of the taxi services in the lowest price possible. This is definitely an intelligent business operation as undertaken by Ministry of Public Transportation as the ease of booking offered by Bid taxi is expected to increase the customers engagement with the services. Bid Taxi on boards only the certified drivers for offering their services. Furthermore, the vehicles are thoroughly checked as well in order to verify whether the vehicle has insurance or not (Lu et al., 2016). This is an important business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation as it assures the passengers that premium services are provided to the customers. The booking of the taxi services can be done online with the help of the smartphone application or with the help of the website of Bid Taxi. Majority of the people now a day have an access to Smartphones and internet and therefore, it would not be difficult to book the services offered by Bid Taxi (Bai et al., 2014). Apart from the application, the Bid taxi services can be booked with the help of the website as well. This enhances the process of Taxi booking and therefore, is expected to increase the customers engagement with the services. The payment option for the Bid Taxi services has been simplified as well. The passengers availing the Bid taxi Service can make their payment through credit or debit card services. Furthermore, the Osko payment application can be used as well in making the payment. The payment received from the Osko payment services will be help by the Bid taxi Office. The passengers who do not have an access to any of the payment method can make use of the gift cards purchased from the supermarkets. Providing an option for secure payment services is expected to draw more customers in availing the service, thus increasing the profit margin of the Ministry of Public Transportation (Weng et al., 2017). This is therefore an important business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation. With a view to encourage the customers in availing the Bid Taxi Services, Ministry of Public Transportation has introduced a service loyalty program. In this program, the passengers who are paying for the Bid Taxi service are given status points for the rides paid. These points can be used by the passengers in their next ride as a discount, can be given as a tip to the drivers or can be donated in charity (Pueboobpaphan, Indra-Payoong Pueboobpaphan, 2018). It is an intelligent business operation as the passenger who had paid for the Bid taxi Service once, will avail the services once again. This will improve the customers engagement with the services as well. A Star rating system has been incorporated in the bid taxi services as well. In this rating system, the customer and the driver are able to rate each other. A customer rates a driver on basis of the services provided while a driver can rate a customer on basis of the co operation offered by the customer while availing the services of Bid Taxi. According to those rating, the Ministry of public transportation will be able to modify certain services provided to the customers. This includes removal of the driver or driver provider from service, who is rated bad consecutively for the rides offered. The rating on the customers will further help the ministry of public transportation in understanding which customers are offering full co operation to this service (Wang, Cheu Lee, 2014). This feedback can be used to provide additional benefits to the passengers who are rated highest in the list by the drivers. Presence of this star rating system is therefore an important business operation pr ovided by the ministry of public transportation. Not only the customers who are rewarded for the services offered by the Bid Taxi, the drivers are also rewarded for providing excellent services to the clients. The driver providers on completing a pre set timely targets are rewarded with a fuel discount gift cards by the company. This in turn encourages more driver providers in offering services to Bid Taxi. The points give an overview of the business operation of the Ministry of Public Transportation. Bid Taxi is capable of revolutionizing the way of providing sharing rides to the passengers across the country (Agussurja Lau, 2012). The business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation can be further improved by modifying the certain existing operation and the services of Bid taxi. The recommendations for improving the business operation of Ministry of Public transportation are as follows- Along with the start rating system, it is recommended for the Ministry of Public Transportation to provide a feedback system to the customers and the drivers as well. The feedback system will enable the customers in providing a public review to the services availed. Furthermore, since the reviews of the customers and the drivers will be posted in the public platform, it will enable the new passengers in having a complete understanding of the services that will be offered by Bid Taxi (Kumar Kumar, 2016). The Ministry of Public Transportation will furthermore be able to improve the services according to the customers demand. The feedback system is expected to act as an intelligent marketing tool as well, since the positive reviews will surely encourage more passengers in availing the Bid taxi services. The Bid Taxi generally offers the ride sharing services across the city. One addition to the service might be offering services for a long distance journey like he tour travel services. This is expected to improve the customers engagement with this service (Zike, 2012). Offering the tours and travel services to the client can therefore be a suggested addition in the business operation. With the help of this service, the clients of Bid taxi will be able to avail a cost effective taxi service for short journeys as well. Another recommendation to the services and business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation is that the bidding time can be considerably reduced in order to provide services to the passengers who are in a hurry. The option of pre booking a particular ride should be present as well in order to avail the service just in time when it is required the most (Billhardt et al., 2015). Reduction in the bidding time is necessary to provide quick services to the clients. The presence of the pre booking services is expected to improve the customers engagement with the business as well. A pre booking charge can be levied from the passengers who are using the service for the first time (Wang Cheu, 2013). However, in order to increase the customers engagement, it pre booking charges can be dropped for the regular customers. The above recommendation suggests some critical modification that can be infused in the existing operation of Bid Taxi (Chen, 2014). These suggestions are expected to improve the business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation in terms of profit and customers engagement of with the service. Conclusion Bid taxi is capable of revolutionizing the process of taxi sharing, offering a cost effective option to the clients in availing a paid taxi service. The report provides an overview of the entire business operation of Ministry of Public Transportation. The business operation of Bid taxi is aligned with the business goals identified for the project. The report further recommends certain modification in the services offered and the business operation of the company. Proper modification of current business operation is expected to work in favour of the company and in favour of the customers as well. The business operation of Bid Taxi is aligned with the certain business goals identified for the project. The business operations are so designed keeping in mind the requirements of the customers and with an aim of customer retention by increasing customer satisfaction. However, the service of the Bid Taxi can be improved by bringing in certain modification in the normal operation of Bid taxi. The recommendations for improving the Bid taxi services are as follows- Driver training can be an important addition to the current services of Bid Taxi. Bid Taxi takes on board only the certified drivers. A training program may improve the possibility of engagement of more drivers in offering their service to Bid Taxi. A driver who is willingly to offer services to Bid Taxi will have to attend this training as a mandatory requirement. This is expected to increase the customers trust as well. Not only for driving, the driver and the driver providers are needed to be trained about the use of the Bid taxi application, the star rating system and the reward programs (Chen, 2014). The training program will therefore improve the skills of the drivers thus providing them more job opportunities in future. Taking trained drivers on board will provide a sense of security to the business as well. The passengers will definitely prefer trained drivers and therefore the company is expected to offer the training services to the drivers. Customers safety should be an important consideration for the Bid taxi services. The application should incorporate an option for reporting a service or an issue if a customer faces any such problem. The entire journey of the Bid Taxi will be tracked with the help of GPS and therefore it may not be a problem for the companies to the send help to the passengers in time of need (Weng et al., 2017). Therefore, presence of a report button in the application can help the passengers in availing emergency services. The report button can be used for reporting certain other cases such as uncomfortable ride, long waiting time and so on. These are the two major recommendations for improving the business operation of Bid Taxi. The business operation of Bid taxi is designed in order to provide a hassle free taxi booking service to the clients. The operation of Bid Taxi is expected to enhance the ride sharing experience of the customers. Apart from the ease of booking, Bid Taxi provides a secure option for making the payment for the ride, which is a major advantage of this service (Debnath et al., 2014). With the certain modifications that have been proposed, the Bid taxi is expected to target a larger base of passengers who need to avail Taxi services more often. The online taxi booking service is expected to enhance and revolutionize the existing ride sharing service. References Agussurja, L., Lau, H. C. (2012). Toward large-scale agent guidance in an urban taxi service.arXiv preprint arXiv:1210.4849. Bai, R., Li, J., Atkin, J. A., Kendall, G. (2014). A novel approach to independent taxi scheduling problem based on stable matching.Journal of the Operational Research Society,65(10), 1501-1510. Billhardt, H., Fernndez, A., Lujak, M., Ossowski, S., Julin, V., De Paz, J. F., Hernndez, J. Z. (2015). Towards smart open dynamic fleets. InMulti-Agent Systems and Agreement Technologies(pp. 410-424). Springer, Cham. Chen, W. (2014). Technical improvements on mobile app based taxi dispatching system. InInternational Conference on Computer Science and Service System(pp. 281-284). Chen, W. (2014). Technical improvements on mobile app based taxi dispatching system. InInternational Conference on Computer Science and Service System(pp. 281-284). Debnath, A. K., Chin, H. C., Haque, M. M., Yuen, B. (2014). A methodological framework for benchmarking smart transport cities.Cities,37, 47-56. Kumar, P. K., Kumar, N. R. (2016). A Study on Factors Influencing the Consumers in Selection of Cab Services.International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research,4(3), 558-560. Lu, Y., Chua, G. G., Wu, H., Ong, C. S. Q. (2016, July). An Intelligent System for Taxi Service Monitoring, Analytics and Visualization. InIJCAI(pp. 4256-4257). LUCAS, A., LAU, H. C. (2012). Toward large-scale agent guidance in an urban taxi service. Pueboobpaphan, S., Indra-Payoong, N., Pueboobpaphan, R. (2018). Information Effect in Taxi Service Double Auction with Opportunity Cost: An Experimental Analysis.Engineering Journal (Eng. J.),22(1), 77-91. Wang, H., Cheu, R. (2013). Operations of a taxi fleet for advance reservations using electric vehicles and charging stations.Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2352), 1-10. Wang, H., Cheu, R. L., Lee, D. H. (2014). Intelligent taxi dispatch system for advance reservations.Journal of Public Transportation,17(3), 8. Weng, G. S., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M., Hyun, S. S. (2017). Mobile taxi booking application services continuance usage intention by users.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,57, 207-216. Weng, G. S., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M., Hyun, S. S. (2017). Mobile taxi booking application services continuance usage intention by users.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,57, 207-216. Zike, J. (2012). Auction-based taxi allocation with dynamic pricing.Bachelor Thesis of Czech Technical University in Prague. Google Scholar.

The aim of this investigation is to find out how different lengths of a 1m long nichrome wire affect its resistance Essay Example

The aim of this investigation is to find out how different lengths of a 1m long nichrome wire affect its resistance Essay I predict that if I double the length of the nichrome wire, its resistance will also double. I predict that if I half the length of the nichrome wire, the resistance will also half. Therefore I predict that resistance will increase in proportion to the increase in the length of the wire.HYPOTHESISWhy does a metal conduct?A metal is made up of positive ions surrounded by a sea of free electrons. The ions in a metal are positive because it is easy for a metal to lose one or two electrons, from its outer shell, than to gain six or seven electrons to complete the outer shell. The electrons are lost and are free to move around and the ions become positive as the number of protons increase, compared to the number of electrons. The metal can now conduct electricity, as it is positive.Here is a diagram to show the structure of a metal:What is resistance?Resistance is the measure of how difficult it is for the current to get through a wire. We measure the resistance in Ohms, with the symbolRe sistance, R = p.d. across the wire (V)___Current through the wire (I)R = VIWhat causes the resistance in a wire?The electrons in a wire are free to move through it, but it is not perfectly easy. The ions of the wire get in the way. The electrons collide with the ions and get slowed down. So a single electron will make a stop/start journey along the wire as it bumps into ions. The piece of wire has resistance because the ions restrict or resist the flow of electrons.Ohms Law states that, The current flowing through a metal wire is proportional to the potential difference across it. (Providing the temperature remains constant.) Proportional means that if you double the p.d. the current is doubled. Therefore the current is inversely proportional to the resistance. Whatever we do to the resistance, it changes the current by one over the number.Voltage =Current*Resistance I.RResistance =Voltage R = VCurrent ICurrent =___1____ I 1Resistance RThis supports my prediction that if I double t he length of the wire, the resistance will also double and if I half the length of the wire, the resistance will also half as I am going to change the length of a wire while carrying out this investigation.Resistance restricts the amount of current flowing through a wire and therefore slows down any reaction, which it supports. Resistance also plays a good part as it stops things from blowing. It stops too much current from getting through, which can blow or damage an appliance.Four factors affecting resistance are:1. As the length increases, the resistance increases. This happens because if the length of a wire is increased the electrons will have to pass through more ions without colliding. That rarely occurs and resistance increases as they collide. This can affect the results of my experiment as I have to decrease the length of wire in my experiment and if I make an error in decreasing the length, it can change the results of the whole investigation.2. As cross-sectional area in creases, the resistance decreases. This is true because, if there is more cross-sectional area for the electrons to flow in, there is a better chance that they will get through without colliding. As a result resistance will decrease. This will not affect my investigation, as I will be using the same cross-sectional area of wire throughout the investigation.3. Only good conductors are used for connecting wires. Good conductors such as copper are used to connect wires as they have got a low resistance and will allow more current to flow through them. Very good conductors such as gold improve the quality of output of an electric appliance. The wire, which I am using in the experiment, is nichrome, which is a good conductor.4. As temperature increases, the resistance of a wire increases. As the temperature is increased the ions vibrate more vigorously, colliding with electrons, which are moving through the wire, producing heat energy. The increasing temperature favours more collisions, and the collisions restrict the amount of current flowing through. Therefore resistance increases. This factor will not affect the investigation, as I will be doing the investigation at room temperature.The length of a wire affects resistance because:In theory I conclude that the smaller the wire, the less resistant it is. The bigger the wire the more resistant it is. This also supports my prediction that if I double the length of a wire the resistance will also double.Apparatus required:; Power supply 0-12V (dc); 1 m nichrome wire; Ammeter; Voltmeter; Connection wire; Metre rule; Crocodile clipsHere is a circuit diagram for the experiment I am going to carry out:VariablesIndependent variables are the factors that I will change during the experiment. In my Investigation the independent variables are:; Length of wire in cm; VoltageDependant variables are the factors that depend on the independent variables. In the investigation the dependant variables are:; Resistance; Current; TimeC ontrol variables are the factors that must stay the same to make it a fair test. The control variables are:; Temperature; Type of material (wire); Thickness or cross-sectional area of wire.I must keep all the control variables the same throughout, as they will all restrict the amount of current flowing through, if changed during the experiment. Therefore they will all increase the amount of resistance and I wont be able to obtain accurate results.Method; I will set up the apparatus as shown in my circuit diagram above on page 3.; I will decrease the length and increase the voltage as I carry out my experiment. The range of measurements in my investigation are as follows:100cm-20cm this measurements are reduced in 10cm intervals and I will take 9 readings. I am only bringing down the length of the wire to 20cm so as to avoid over heating of the short wire in a high voltage.The voltage is increased from 2volts to 8volts in 2-volt intervals. Therefore I will take 4 readings for each me asurement. The limit in the investigation is 8 volts so as to avoid over heating and burning the wire. If the voltage were higher than 8 volts for this type of wire, then it would burn the wire and ruin the whole investigation.; I will then record the current readings obtained and find the Resistance using the formula: R=VI; I will then find the average resistance by dividing the total resistance of all 4 different volts by 4.In my investigation I will have to cool the wire after increasing the voltage each tine so as to obtain accurate results. High voltage can also burn the wire so I will have to cool the wire for safety reasons.High voltage increases the temperature in a wire and therefore also causes more resistance because the ions and electrons gain more energy and vibrate more vigorously causing collisions, hence more resistance as the electrons are blocked from reaching their destination.I will repeat the whole experiment once again to make my results as accurate as possible .SafetyWhile doing the investigation, it is important to keep safety into consideration. The scissors should only be used for cutting the wire to the appropriate length and for no other reason. Before using the power pack, the pointer should point at 0 volts. It is important to be careful while using the power supply. While handling live wires, it is essential to be careful. The voltage should be kept low because of the safety factor and the wires heating up.OBTAININGResults table 1 showing the readings obtained after carrying out the experiment.Length (cm)Voltage (V)Current (A)Resistance ( )Average Resistance ( )10020.623.2341.253.173.1861.93.1682.543.159020.692.941.382.92.8962.092.8782.82.868020.772.641.552.582.5762.352.5583.142.557020.872.341.762.272.2762.662.2683.582.236021.011.9842.051.951.9563.11.9484.151.935021.211.6542.451.631.6463.681.6384.91.634021.471.36431.331.3464.521.3385.991.343021.841.0943.831.041.0665.731.0587.611.052022.740.7445.520.750.74680.72810.750.74I used the formula R=V to calculate the resistance.ITo calculate the average resistance I added up the resistance for each measurement and divided the total by 4.Results table 2 showing the readings obtained after carrying out the experiment.Length (cm)Voltage (V)Current (A)Resistance ( )Average Resistance ( )10020.693.393.3941.183.3961.753.4382.583.369020.663.033.0341.823.0361.993.0282.643.038020.712.822.7641.462.7462.182.7582.932.737020.842.382.4141.662.4162.482.4283.322.416020.922.172.1141.912.0962.872.0983.832.095021.161.721.7442.291.7563.441.7484.551.764021.291.551.542.661.564.061.1885.511.453021.691.181.1743.431.1765.141.1786.891.162022.280.880.8644.720.8567.10.8589.20.87AnalysingHere are the graphs showing the results from the result tables.Overall the investigation, I carried out went quite well and my results are also fairly accurate.For example in my first result table, when the length of the wire was 50cm the average resistance was 1.64 . When I doubled the length to 100cm the aver age resistance also almost doubled to 3.18In the second table, when the length of the wire was 20cm the average resistance was 0.86 . When I doubled the length to 40cm the average resistance also almost doubled to 1.50. My graph of average results also shows that all the points are almost in the line of best fit. This also proves that if I double the length of a wire the resistance will also double.This shows the evidence that the resistance is directly proportional to the length of a wire. Directly proportional means when a substance doubles the other substance also doubles. The evidence I found also backs my prediction that if I double the length of a nichrome wire, its resistance will also double. The resistance will double because the ions will restrict or resist the flow of electrons and therefore creating resistance as a result of collisions between the ions and the electrons.EvaluationAfter carrying out the full investigation I can say that my results are quite reliable and a gree with my prediction that I made.Overall there were no anomalous results in my investigation as you can see from my graphs, but my results are not also perfect as in my theoretical prediction. Errors may have occurred while I was doing the experiment.Here are the errors, which may have occurred while I was doing the experiment. There are two types of errors namely:; Systematic error-this is the type of error due to the fault in a measuring device.; Random error-this is the type of error due to human mistakes.Systematic errors in my investigation are:; The ammeters and the voltmeters were probably faulty and I could not get the accurate results.; The power pack might have malfunctioned and might have ruined whole of the voltage supply.; The scale of the metre rule I used was not marked according to scale and that affected in the accuracy of my results.The random errors:; I might have made a mistake while recording the results. E.g. instead of recording 3.06 I might have recorded 3 .66; I might have cut the wire a little longer or a little shorter while cutting it.Due to all these errors the accuracy of my results might have been brought down while doing the investigation.The ways that I could improve this method to get more reliable data are:; Using computer controlled ammeters and voltmeters to detect any faults n them.; Use a more reliable power pack then the one I used in the investigation.; Use a different piece of wire for each length so as to prevent over heating of the wire.; Use a digital ruler to measure the different lengths of wire to prevent the measuring error.These are the ways, which I came across in order to get more reliable and precise results.Further experiments that I can do to investigate this topic are:; Measuring the resistance in a bulb using different volts; Measuring the amount of resistance in metals such as copper, with different masses.Doing these experiments will further prove my results more reliable and back the theory of resis tance.

How to Become a Cytotechnologist

How to Become a Cytotechnologist If you’re less interested in seeing the world through rose-colored glasses than through a microscope, cytotechnology might be the right career path for you. Cytotechnologists analyze cells taken from patients (for example, lungs and reproductive organs) to check for abnormalities or disease. Cytotechnologists can play a crucial role in the early detection and treatment of illnesses like cancer. The Day-to-DayCytotechnologists are part of the behind-the-scenes healthcare team. They take cell specimens collected by other technicians, analyze the cells, and pass their reports on to a pathologist, who makes a final determination and diagnosis. The cytotechnologist provides essential information that can make all the difference for finding and treating diseases early. And as tests and equipment get more advanced and can screen areas of the body that were previously inaccessible, the cytotechnologists are an essential link to connecting that information hiding in the body to a concr ete diagnosis and treatment plan.Cytotechnologists typically work in hospitals or medical laboratory settings, though they might also go into private industry and work as part of a commercial research lab. Because of the collaborative nature of testing and extrapolating test results into diagnoses, cytotechnologists usually work hand-in-hand with pathologists and their teams. Cytotechnologists work fairly standard full-time work weeks, but may find themselves on call on weekends or evenings depending on their employers’ needs. (For example, cytotechnologists working in a hospital may need to work shifts due to the round-the-clock nature of patient care.)For more on what it’s like to be a cytotechnologist, check out these videos:SOMC Odd Jobs – CytotechnologistUNMC Cytotechnology TestimonialThe RequirementsBecoming a cytotechnologist requires a pretty significant educational commitment. Cytotechnologists have a minimum of a Bachelor’s degree (usually with a focus on undergrad science and math coursework like chemistry, anatomy, physiology, statistics, and biology) with an additional certificate from an accredited cytotechnology program. Postgrad cytotechnology programs typically last a year, and include clinical training. In addition to the education and training, cytotechnologists may also need to be certified. Be sure to check your state’s requirements on certification.The PayCytotechnologists bring a lot of technical training and expertise to the table, so the compensation reflects that. Cytotechnologists earn a median salary between $61,235 and $71,261 per year (depending on experience and seniority).The OutlookAs medical issues like cancer and type II diabetes affect more of the population, medical professionals who work in the diagnostic arena, like cytotechnologists, are expected to be in greater demand. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistis predicts that the cytotechnology field will grow by more than 16% by the year 202 4.Interested? APPLY HERE

Flotation Method in Archaeology

Flotation Method in Archaeology Archaeological flotation is a laboratory technique used to recover tiny artifacts and plant remains from soil samples. Invented in the early 20th century, flotation is today still one of the most common ways to retrieve carbonized plant remains from archaeological contexts. In flotation, the technician places dried soil on a screen of mesh wire cloth, and water is gently bubbled up through the soil. Less dense materials such as seeds, charcoal, and other light material (called the light fraction) float up, and tiny pieces of stone called microliths or micro-debitage, bone fragments, and other relatively heavy materials (called the heavy fraction) are left behind on the mesh. History of the Method The earliest published use of water separation dates to 1905, when German Egyptologist Ludwig Wittmack used it to recover plant remains from ancient adobe brick. The widespread use of flotation in archaeology was the result of a 1968 publication by archaeologist Stuart Struever who used the technique on the recommendations of botanist Hugh Cutler. The first pump-generated machine was developed in 1969 by David French for use at two Anatolian sites. The method was first applied in southwest Asia at Ali Kosh in 1969 by Hans Helbaek; machine-assisted flotation was first conducted at Franchthi cave in Greece, in the early 1970s. The Flote-Tech, the first standalone machine to support flotation, was invented by R.J. Dausman in the late 1980s. Microflotation, which uses glass beakers and magnetic stirrers for gentler processing, was developed in the 1960s for use by various chemists but not extensively used by archaeologists until the 21st century. Benefits and Costs The reason for the initial development of archaeological flotation was efficiency: the method allows for the rapid processing of many soil samples and the recovery of small objects which otherwise might only be collected by laborious hand-picking. Further, the standard process uses only inexpensive and readily available materials: a container, small-sized meshes (250 microns is typical), and water. However, plant remains are typically quite fragile, and, beginning as early as the 1990s, archaeologists became increasingly aware that some plant remains split open during water flotation. Some particles can completely disintegrate during water recovery, particularly from soils recovered in arid or semi-arid locations. Overcoming the Shortcomings The loss of plant remains during flotation is often linked to extremely dry soil samples, which can result from the region in which they are collected. The effect has also been associated with concentrations of salt, gypsum, or calcium coating of the remains. In addition, the natural oxidation process that occurs within archaeological sites converts charred materials which are originally hydrophobic to hydrophilic- and thus easier to disintegrate when exposed to water. Wood charcoal is one of the most common macro-remains found in archaeological sites. The lack of visible wood charcoal in a site is generally considered the result of the lack of preservation of the charcoal rather than the lack of a fire. The fragility of wood remains is associated with the state of the wood on burning: healthy, decayed, and green wood charcoals decay at different rates. Further, they have different social meanings: burned wood might have been building material, fuel for fire, or the result of brush clearing. Wood charcoal is also the main source for radiocarbon dating. The recovery of burned wood particles is thus an important source of information about the occupants of an archaeological site and the events that happened there. Studying Wood and Fuel Remains Decayed wood is particularly underrepresented at archaeological sites, and as today, such wood was often preferred for hearth fires in the past. In these cases, standard water flotation exacerbates the problem: charcoal from decayed wood is extremely fragile. Archaeologist Amaia Arrang-Oaegui found that certain woods from the site of Tell Qarassa North in southern Syria were more susceptible to being disintegrated during water processing- particularly Salix. Salix (willow or osier) is an important proxy for climate studies- its presence within a soil sample can indicate riverine microenvironments- and its loss from the record is a painful one. Arrang-Oaegui suggests a method for recovering wood samples that begins with hand-picking a sample before its placement in water to see if wood or other materials disintegrate. She also suggests that using other proxies such as pollen or phytoliths as indicators for the presence of plants, or ubiquity measures rather than raw counts as statistical indicators. Archaeologist Frederik Braadbaart has advocated the avoidance of sieving and flotation where possible when studying ancient fuel remains such as hearths and peat fires. He recommends instead a protocol of geochemistry based on elemental analysis and reflective microscopy. Microflotation The microflotation process is more time consuming and costly than traditional flotation, but it does recover more delicate plant remains, and is less costly than geochemical methods. Microflotation was used successfully to study soil samples from coal-contaminated deposits at Chaco Canyon. Archaeologist K.B. Tankersley and colleagues used a small (23.1 millimeters) magnetic stirrer, beakers, tweezers, and a scalpel to examine samples from 3-centimeter soil cores. The stirrer bar was placed at the bottom of a glass beaker and then rotated at 45-60 rpm to break the surface tension. The buoyant carbonized plant parts rise and the coal drops out, leaving wood charcoal suitable for AMS radiocarbon dating. Sources: Arranz-Otaegui A. 2016. Evaluating the impact of water flotation and the state of the wood in archaeological wood charcoal remains: Implications for the reconstruction of past vegetation and identification of firewood gathering strategies at Tell Qarassa North (south Syria). Quaternary International In pressBraadbaart F, van Brussel T, van Os B, and Eijskoot Y. 2017. Fuel remains in archaeological contexts: Experimental and archaeological evidence for recognizing remains in hearths used by Iron Age farmers who lived in peatlands. The Holocene:095968361770223.Hunter AA, and Gassner BR. 1998. Evaluation of the Flote-Tech machine-assisted flotation system. American Antiquity 63(1):143-156.Marekovic S, and Ã…  oÃ… ¡taric R. 2016. A comparison of the influences of flotation and wet sieving on certain carbonized legume and cereal remains. Acta Botanica Croatica 75(1):144-148.Rossen J. 1999. The Flote-Tech flotation machine: Messiah or mixed blessing? American Antiquity 64(2):370-372.Tanker sley KB, Owen LA, Dunning NP, Fladd SG, Bishop KJ, Lentz DL, and Slotten V. 2017. Micro-flotation removal of coal contaminants from archaeological radiocarbon samples from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, USA. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 12(Supplement C):66-73.

Burger King's Position on Ethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Burger King's Position on Ethics - Term Paper Example Guiding Documents First, Burger King has ethics policy documents guiding aspects of the firm’s operations. One of the four documents is the Code of Business Ethics and Conduct which guides the overall firm operations. Through this policy, Burger King commits to â€Å"†¦taking no ethical shortcuts of any kind. Integrity and honesty are simply not optional† (Burger King Corporation, 2009). The other one is the Code of Business Ethics and Conduct for Vendors that guides vendors on internal and customer relations to ensure ethical practices. The Code of Conduct for Directors is Burger Kings third ethical policy document. This document details the ethical execution of the directors’ roles in the firm. The last document the Code of Ethics for Executive Officers (Appendix 1) also explains how the senior management at Burger King ought to execute their functions in an ethical manner. The document acknowledge the special challenges posed by occupying leadership posit ions and the ethical dilemmas faced, and then details the steps that ensure ethical carriage of duties. Together, these four policy documents exhaustively establish Burger King’s position on ethics in all the firm’s operations (Investor Relations, 2009). ... Burger King’s budget on Lobbying is considerably high- $135,289 in 2010- from which we can discern maintenance of a public position on ethics through the connection of the Vice President heading ethics and being a lobbyist. However, Burger King concentrates on internal mechanisms to ensure ethical operations and does little on a public ethics position. This is a major fail on the part of the firm as issues on ethics are largely swayed by the public’s perception. Internal Guidelines The internal guidelines on ethics revolve around guiding matters of inclusion and diversity, conflicting interests, data privacy, financial reporting, food and drink safety and quality, hiring practices, communicating with the outside world and protecting the environment among other important aspects. The internal guidelines aim at ensuring ethics forms an important part of Burger King’s company culture and hence are exhaustive, covering all possible aspects at which ethical considerat ions and dilemmas may arise. These Codes of Ethics policy documents for the different levels of workforce- employees, vendors, directors and executive officers- effectively cover aspects of employee-employee and employee-public interactions. Defined Process The Burger King Corporation (2009) details the internal process to follow in case of a breach of ethics; first, each employee has to understand the firm’s ethical policies. In cases where an employee discerns a breach of the firm’s ethical policy, he/she should report to the chief of ethics, compliance officer, human resource representative or attorney from the law department. Such information will only be disclosed to the relevant parties, with the reports taken seriously and promptly investigated. However,

Week 4 Discussion Questions #3 and #4 Personal Statement

Week 4 Discussion Questions #3 and #4 - Personal Statement Example More biodiversity could equally cause the population of the species in the ecosystem to rise rapidly. As such, they may outweigh the primary producers making it difficult for the ecosystem to sustain them. As an individual, I feel affected either way. When the number of species is so low that they get to extinction, the future generation will not have the opportunity to experience the aesthetics of the environment. This affects me fundamentally as an environmentalist. Extinction is the situation whereby a certain species gets out of existence in an ecosystem. One of the major causes of the present day extinction is human encroachment into the ecosystem. This becomes apparent as the human population increases (McKinney, Schoch, & Yonavjak, 2007). As the human population increased at unprecedented rates, people started destroying homes of wildlife thereby making some species endangered. They equally hunted the wildlife for food hence bringing about the extinction. To prevent the looming extinction, stringent regulations protecting the species in every ecosystem ought to have been ensured. Again, humans were to be enlightened on the importance of a sustainable ecosystems and/or ills associated with the impending

Powers of police Essay Example for Free

Powers of police Essay Polo Games limited was initially involved in manufacture and sale of electronic typewriters changed its product line and started developing and manufacturing hand held computer games and devices. From the scenario of this company it comes out clearly that the company was involved fraudulent and counterfeiting practices and as such it was suspected of having committed a crime. The police came to the business premises one day to search, arrest and seize suspected counterfeit materials used in the fraudulent activities. Police have the powers conferred up on them to do the search and make arrests. Such powers are outlined hereunder: Police and other government authorities have been conferred some powers to arrest, search and even seize property. These powers are available for use by such authorities only in the given circumstances and conditions. For instance the power to search a person for anything is allowed when the person can cover up evidence relating to an offence, or anything which might enable the person to escape from unlawful custody. Other reason or conditions is to search to an extent which is reasonably required to get the required evidence (http://www.11kbw.co.uk/html/articles/policepowers.html, assessed on April 1, 2008). Police have powers conferred to them that enable them to enter and search premises. These powers of entry and search states that: power to enter and search a premise in which a suspected person is hiding; the power only applies to the extent that the police man has reasonable grounds to in believing that there is evidence in the premises. Section 18 of the EPA (Emergency Provisions Act 1996) gives the police power particularly the cop who is the rank of inspector to gain entry into premises occupied by a person under arrest. The inspector in this case should have sufficient belief that there is some evidence in the premises. When such an officer gets into the premises they are covered by the power conferred to them to seize any materials which are suspicious or can be used as evidence in court. This power is deemed critical in cases where it is assumed that some delay may lead to destruction of evidence by the suspected person. Section 17 of the EPA also mandates the police to enter into premises of suspected people in order to execute a warrant of arrest or arrest a person who has committed an arrestable offence. Other reasons for entry and search could involve the capturing of a person who has escaped from the police custody. Such person could have had committed a business related offence. Also in the context of business, police enters or force their way into a premise when there is anticipated damage of the property or evidence. There is section 19 of the EPA which mandates the police officers to enter premises and seize all things obtained through commission of crimes or which act as evidence related to crime.   Police also have power to seize property where there is evidence that it relates to given offence. The basis of this is to prevent the suspect from concealing, losing, altering or destroying the evidence.   Police officers have powers to arrest any person whom they have sufficient evidence or reasonable ground to suspect as having committed or is about to commit crime. To enter business premises, police normally have to obtain warrant from Justice of Peace. The Justice of Peace only grants such warrants when fully convinced that there is sufficient strength of the offence committed. Police seeking such warrants must specify reasons for the search and the things or items to be looked for. Reference: Police powers of search and seizure, available at: http://www.11kbw.co.uk/html/articles/policepowers.html, assessed on April 1, 2008

Conflicts, Climax and Resolution of Hawthorne’s The Ministers Black Ve

     Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the conflict(s) in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†? Does it resolve after a climax? This essay intends to address these questions. Hugo McPherson in â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology† makes a statement regarding the nature of the conflict in the works of Hawthorne: Everything he has to say is related, finally, to ‘that inward sphere.’ For the heart is the meeting-place of all the forces – spiritual and physical, light and dark, that compete for dominance in man’s nature. †¦Those who read him as a Christian moralist recognize instantly an opposition between Head and Heart, reason and passion which is related not only to Puritan theology but to the Neo-Classical view of man†¦.(68-69)    The conflict involving pride and humility, sin and evil, is the direction that Clarice Swisher in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne: a Biography† tends: â€Å"Hawthorne himself was preoccupied with the problems of evil, the nature of sin, the conflict between pride and humility† (13).    In the opinion of this reader, the central conflicts – the relation between the protagonist and antagonist (Abrams 225) - in the tale are an internal one, a spiritual-moral conflict within the minister, the Reverend Mr. Hooper, and an external one with the world at large represented by the congregation. This evaluation seems to reflect Swisher’s first two considerations of evil and sin, and implicitly reflect the â€Å"conflict between pride and humility.† Wilson Sullivan in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne† tells where the author got the idea of a conflict between good and evil:    He looked back, deeply back into America’s Puritan past, the era of the New England theocracy, when the conflict of good and evil, freedom and tyranny, love and hatr... ... Library. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=HawMini.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=1&division=div1    Kazin, Alfred. Introduction. Selected Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Fawcett Premier, 1966.    McPherson, Hugo. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Sullivan, Wilson. â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne.† In New England Men of Letters. New York: Macmillan Co., 1972.    Swisher, Clarice. â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne: a Biography.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Williams, Stanley T. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Puritan Mind.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.

Going to War or Going to School

On March 19, 2003 former President George W. Bush declared war on Iraq, two years after declaring his war on terror. By the end of the year he had mobilized and shipped fifty thousand soldiers to Iraq. The political cartoon designed by Jim Borgman offers commentary on past socio-economic issues, suggesting that certain young adults risk life and limb not just for patriotism but for career opportunities. . Since the September 11 attacks the United States government has been on a quest to seek vengeance. On March 19, 2003 the United States government declared War on Iraq. Over fifty thousand troops were deployed in 2003 and over one hundred ninety thousand were recruited that year by four different branches of the military. Rationally most find it noble to enter into a cause such as the military, it gives one a true sense of pride. But the reality of it is that your quest for honor, respect, and nobility must be pure in every shape and form. Borgman’s cartoon has the ability to question ones true motives by attacking your logic. His use of logos is also transferred into the quote at the top of picture, â€Å"I figure it’s easier to find a war than a job these days. † The message should be and is clearly conveyed to any reader but shocking nonetheless. Mr. Borgman is targeting the attention of young adults who have just recently graduated, those who are confused and lacking true guidance. You can see the same blank and confused look on one of his characters, the recent graduate. Curiously wondering whether the soldier is correct or whether he just wasted four years of his life. But its perfectly natural to be scared when your stepping out of a comfort zone and into something new. It’s like being a kid in a candy store, your senses are just so overwhelmed that you don’t have a grasp on what you truly need to be doing. One looks for the first thing that makes sense to them and then proceeds to stick with it. You might be curious and wondering what can the military offer me that I can’t get with a college degree. Well let me tell you that some of the great benefits, they offer an opportunity to gain qualities such as leadership and follow through. Key elements needed to be successful in society today. Another huge attraction for some is the G. I. Bill, which gives any service men and women the opportunity to attend any institution courtesy of the taxpayers. It’s hard to refer to ethics when speaking about the persuasiveness of political cartoons; personally they have nothing to do with one another. The cartoon surfaced right after the U. S. eclared war against Iraq, showing Borgman’s use of kairos. Which made it apparent that he was trying to push a point upon the American public. Society as a group stays in the shadows of current news but that is because media corporations filter stories, but that’s a different topic. In conclusion I hope that this photograph has altered your outlook not just on previous issues but has given you a current grasp on what is going on today. My mother once told me that history finds a way of repeating itself, the question becomes are we going to do something about it.

Operations Management Essay

1. History Since starting out in 1989, the Glad Group has grown to become one of Australia’s leading property service providers. Initially established as Glad Cleaning Services, the company provided cleaning solutions for shopping centres and businesses. In November 2006 Glad Cleaning Services re-branded itself to the Glad Group, now offering integrated property solutions. With a strong focus on customer service and great value pricing, the Glad Group has continued to develop and maintain long-term relationships with its clients over the years. Company founders Nick and Lucy Iloski recognised there was a need to offer an integrated service that specialised in flexible solutions for the retail and commercial markets. Their customer focused approach was welcomed in the market and the company grew rapidly. Today, the Glad Group excels in five key property services: Retail Cleaning, Commercial Cleaning, Security, Maintenance, and Waste Management & Environmental Solutions. Glad offers these services individually, or as an integrated property solution. 2. Introduction 2.1. Customer Service The Glad Group is based on a culture of integrity and dedication. ‘Commitment without compromise’ underpins every operation Glad undertakes. Glad Group takes customer service seriously and aims to deliver enduring value through innovative, customer focused property solutions that provide a safe, clean and friendly environment for clients, their customers and the community. High standards of customer service are obtained through employee training, compliance, and industry innovation and embracing technology. Individuals are empowered through an environment of support and encouragement, making service and solutions quicker and easier for clients. The Glad Group believes trust, integrity, and dependability is essential in every working relationship and always treats clients, employees, contractors and community ethically and with respect. 2.2. Quality Control The Glad Group is accredited to ISO 9001 Quality Management System, AS 4801 Occupational Health and Safety and ISO14001 Environmental Management System. Glad’s comprehensive integrated management system along with the use of Praxeo and Kevah software ensures the staff comply with the current laws, acts, regulations and codes of practice. This has created a safer and more secure work environment, resulting in a progressive reduction in incidents and accidents. 3. Location The Glad Group has been providing property services to the Australian market since 1989. Today the Glad Group is proud to provide services nationally to a range of market sectors including major, regional and neighbourhood shopping centres, commercial buildings, schools and universities, federal, state and local government offices and financial institutions. Glad Commercial Cleaning has several work locations. Investa Property Group, which is one of the clients of Glad Group, owns the office building at Deutsche Bank Place, 126 Phillip Street, Sydney. Located on the prime eastern edge of the CBD, Deutsche Bank Place has commanding and unrestricted views of Sydney Harbour and the Botanical Gardens and it is very convenient for employees to travel to and from. Deutsche Bank Place is a 240 m skyscraper in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located at 126 Phillip Street in the north-eastern end of the central business district, across the road from Chifley Tower. Construction began in 2002 and was completed in 2005. The building’s architect is Norman Foster of Foster and Partners. Deutsche Bank is the primary tenant, occupying 9 floors and owning the naming rights. It is owned and managed by Investa Property Group. Other major tenants are Allens Arthur, Bain & Company and Seven Wentworth. The 42,256m ² of total net lettable area boasts a NABERS Energy rating of 4.5 stars and a spectacular entry plaza. The building also offers cafà ©s, a brassiere, tenant showers, lockers and bike racks, a child care centre and outdoor areas. Located at the top of Hunter Street in the heart of the CBD, it is readily accessible by car and all public transport options. 3.1. Access It is very important these kind of commercial buildings to be easily accessible because there are lots of employees working in this building assuming 100 people for each level for a building that has 31 commercial levels beside other workers such as cleaners and securities as well as to receive the deliveries inside conveniently and timely. 4. Action Plans 4.1. Sustainability At Glad people believe corporate responsibilities include protecting the environment. That’s why an accredited environmental management system was developed. This system helps identify products or services that could affect the environment. To assist the system several policies, codes of practice, guidelines and International standards were adopted which exceed legislative compliance. All this ensures the best outcome for the environment. Every Glad employee receives training and development in the company’s environmental system. It is very important to continuously develop and tailor site specific training and education packages that focus on recycling and sustainability solutions and procedures. The Glad Group use and offer the following environmentally friendly products and services: ï  ¶Green cleaning products and water wise machines Reusable microfiber cleaning cloths Water recycling products Biodegradable products Waste management (recycling) consultancy Recently, Glad acquired the most powerful portable high pressure steam cleaner in Australia. This new chemical free steam cleaner is a powerful unit that is not only environmentally friendly but also provides: Improved levels of sanitisation Indoor/outdoor applications Graffiti removal Water heated to extremely high temperatures – killing bacteria, mould and viruses in large areas Chemical free portable high pressure steam cleaning for carpets Ideal for pavement/hard surfaces/entries & facades Pollution free operation Uses recycled water system Extraction of waste water (waste water is taken to the site and then removed from the site) 4.1.1. New Steam Clean Technology The Glad Group have mobile chemical free cleaning technology that can come to your site and clean just about anything, from floors and carpets, to car parks and railway platforms. Not only does the system of high pressure (3000 PSI) and steam (260 °C) clean, it also removes the waste and residue instantly via the extraction system (400 ft of hose). Furthermore, not only does the truck bring its own water, it takes the waste water away for recycling. 4.2. Risk and Insurance Management The Glad Group takes hazard assessment and risk management very seriously. Glad’s comprehensive approach ensures clients; their customers and employees are safe from hazards that might cause injury. Glad commission Proclaim to actively investigate and manage public liability claims swiftly and professionally on behalf of the Glad Group and clients. Prior to the commencement of any contract a risk analysis is conducted, site specific safe work method instructions are designed and then audit on an ongoing basis. To further improve safety, Glad also operates a cutting edge software system called Glad Easi. It’s a touch screen reporting program designed to provide an effective and auditable trail of information regarding employees, contractors and visitors within work sites. Due to the comprehensive approach to health & safety and the efficiency of reporting methods, the Glad Group has one of the lowest public liability and workers compensation premiums in the industry. This results in considerable cost savings to clients. 4.3. HR Compliance The Glad Group is accredited to ISO 9001 Quality Management System, AS 4801 Occupational Health and Safety and ISO14001 Environmental Management System. Glad’s comprehensive integrated management system along with the use of Praxeo and Kevah software ensures the staff comply with the current laws, acts, regulations and codes of practice. This has created a safer and more secure work environment, resulting in a progressive reduction in incidents and accidents 4.4. Induction and Training All Glad Group employees are selected through an extensive interview process. Applicants must also provide evidence of their eligibility to work in Australia. Further checks such as, criminality record and immigration (DIMA) are then conducted by the Human Resource Department to ensure eligibility. Prior to issuing all cleaners, security guards and maintenance personnel with photo identification cards, the Glad Group provide detailed induction training at Head Office via Glad Compliance Department. This includes a number of training videos incorporating OH&S endorsed procedures and detailed site instructions. All training is evaluated and recorded on an employee’s electronic training record. Eligible staff is also enrolled in Certificate I, II, III and IV courses in Cleaning and Asset Maintenance. Each of supervisors has a certificate in Asset Maintenance and extensive site experience for commercial and retail sites. 5. Innovation 5.1. G.M.R The Glad Mobile Reporting system is a powerful and flexible software solution used on hand held PDA’s. This software has assisted the Glad Group in the management of property services and the assets and life cycles of our client’s properties. The benefit it provides to clients is real-time on-site inspection reports such as: Quality assurance inspections Incident/accident reporting Damage/condition reporting OH & S audits 5.2. Glad Easi The GLAD EASI system is a touch screen software solution designed to provide an audit trail of vital information for the Glad Group and its clients. The GLAD EASI system captures data such as: Time and attendance Employees entering and exiting the premises with delivery of information at both entry and egress Authorised entry for contractors and safety requirements to be met on entry and egress Safety aspects associated with the sites The system is also used for ongoing training of site personnel via extensive OH&S video series. 5.3. Escalator Machine An innovative widely used easy to move machine to clean hard floor, stairway and escalator is coming soon to be used not only for ease of use but to save time as well.

The Right to Freedom Of Religion essays

The Right to Freedom Of Religion essays "You don't get harmony when everybody sings the same note" (Doug Floyd) Harmony is diversity. In music, people sing different notes combined creating a complete, layered sound. In life, its the same way. All different types of people, religions, views, and opinions are what make the world what it is today. The First Amendment guarantees us the freedom of speech, religion, press and free assembly. If it wasn't for this amendment we would not be able to have freedom of religion - meaning we would have to believe in a god or power that the government would tell us to believe in. This amendment allows us to worship freely and is one of the benefits of being an American. But what happens when someone steps in and says that someone praising their god is wrong? Should they be punished or is it their right to worship what or who they choose? What happens when one person praising their god is offensive to other people? "As long has they do not break my arm or pick my pocket, it is of little c onsequence what they believe and that was what freedom of religion is all about."(Thomas Jefferson) The First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States give every american the same rights. One right is the constitutional protection for the free exercise of religion. The second right is prohibition of the establishment of religion by the state. The people who founded this Constitution recognized it as one of the most important factors in a democracy. The founders also found a space of freedom between the government and the people. Which means that the government is not allowed to tell a group of people what they can or cannot believe in or do. Sadly, The government is not honoring their side of the constitution. The government is stating that prayer being allowed in schools violates others beliefs and others right of their own religion. Prayer is in fact legal in public schools and other places such as church and prayer in stores, etc. What is no...

3 Tips to Improve Writing in English

3 Tips to Improve Writing in English The most important rule to writing effectively is to not repeat yourself. Each of these three rules focuses on avoiding repetition in English. Rule 1: Dont Repeat the Same Word One of the most important rules in writing English is to avoid repetition. In other words, dont use the same words over and over again. Use synonyms, phrases with a similar meaning, and so on to spice up your writing stile. Sometimes, this is not possible. For example, if you are writing a report about a specific disease or perhaps a chemical compound, you will not be able to vary your vocabulary. However, when using descriptive vocabulary, its important to vary your choice of words.   We went on holiday to a ski resort. The resort was very beautiful with lots of things to do. The mountains were also beautiful, and, to be honest, there were also many beautiful people. In this example, the adjective beautiful is used three times. This is considered poor writing style. Here is the same example using synonyms.   We went on a holiday to a ski resort. The resort was very beautiful with lots of things to do. The mountains were majestic, and, to be honest, there were also many glamourous people.   Rule 2: Dont Repeat the Same Sentence Style In a similar way, using the same sentence structure by repeating the same structure over and over again is also considered bad style. Its important to know a variety of ways to make the same statement. This is often referred to as using equivalencies. Here are some examples  of similar types of sentences using different equivalencies to vary the style. The students studied hard as the test was sure to be difficult.They reviewed the grammar in great detail due to the many exceptions.Sentence structure was reviewed, for it was sure to be on the test.As they had covered all the materials, the students were assured success. In the four sentences above, Ive used four different variations on because. Sentences one and four use subordinating conjunctions. Note that the dependent clause can begin the sentence if followed by a comma. The second sentence uses a preposition (due to) followed by a noun phrase, and the third sentence uses the coordinating conjunction for.   Heres a quick review of these forms: Coordinating Conjunctions - also known as FANBOYS. Combine two simple sentences with a coordinating conjunction preceded by a comma. Coordinating conjunctions can NOT begin a sentence.   Examples The weather was very cold, but we took a walk.She needed some extra money for her vacation, so she found a part-time job.The toy was broken, for the boy had thrown it against the wall. Subordinating Conjunctions - Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses. They can be used to begin a sentence followed by a comma, or they can introduce the dependent clause in the second position without using a comma. Examples Though we need to review the grammar, we decided to take the day off for some fun.Mr. Smith hired a lawyer as he needed to defend himself in court.Well take car of the problem when John returns. Conjunctive Adverbs - Conjunctive adverbs begin a sentence linking it directly to the sentence before. Place a comma directly after the conjunctive adverb. Examples The car was in need of repair. As a result, Peter took the car into the repair shop.Its very important to study grammar. However, knowing grammar doesnt necessarily mean you can speak the language well.Lets hurry up and finish this report. Otherwise, we wont be able to work on the presentation. Prepositions - Prepositions are used with nouns or noun phrases NOT full clauses. However, prepositions such as due to or despite can provide a similar meaning to a dependent clause.   Examples Just like our neighbors, we decided to put a new roof on our home.The school decided to fire the teacher despite the students protest.As a result of poor attendance, well have to repeat chapter seven. Rule 3: Vary Sequencing and Linking Language Finally, when writing longer passages youll be using linking words and sequencing to connect your ideas. As in word choice and sentence style, its important to vary the linking language you use. For example, there are many ways to say next. If you are providing instructions, try to vary the words you use to take someone through each step in the process.   Instead of writing: First, open the box. Next, take out the equipment. Next, insert the batteries. Next, turn the device on and begin work. You could write: First, open the box. Next, take out the equipment. After that, insert the batteries. Finally, turn the device on and begin work. This is a just a short example to give you an idea. Try to vary the sequences, or linking language you use in each paragraph. If you use first, secondly, thirdly, finally in one paragraph, switch it up and use to begin with, next, after that in another paragraph. Follow the links in this article to study each of these variation types in more depth and you will quickly improve your writing style through variety.

Violence on Television Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Violence on Television - Essay Example There is no doubt that television has its good side. It can be both entertaining as well as educational. It gives good opportunity for children to learn more about different cultures, and gain exposure to ideas they may never encounter in their own community.Besides, it also gives them a chance to see different places and learn about various aspects on life in different parts of the world. In addition, there are also several motivational programs with positive role models and good moral stories that can influence kids to change their behavior for the better (UMHS n. pag, 2007). However, the concern today is the impact of violence that is projected in the television. Ever since the beginning of television, the effect of TV violence on society has been commonly studied and strongly debated. There are several studies that provide evidence that violence in television can be linked to the real life violence. For instance, a study conducted by four universities and financed by the cable industry found that of nearly 2,700 shows analyzed in a 20 week survey of 23 channels, 57% were said to contain at least some violence (Zoglin 58-61). [1] One of the biggest concerns is the negative effect of television on children. Researchers hypothesize that viewing TV violence can lead to three potentially harmful effects: increased antisocial or aggressive behavior, desensitization to violence (becoming more accepting of violence in real life and less caring about other people's feelings), or increased fear of becoming a victim of violence (Smith and Donnerstein 167-202).12 [2] Television can be a powerful influence in developing value systems and shaping behavior. Unfortunately, much of today's television programming is violent. Children and adolescent concur some of the negative moral influences through TV such as media violence, portrayals of sexual exploitation and attitudes, vulgarity and rudeness, intense and disturbing imagery, passive watching - the "couch potato" syndrome, alcoholism, drug abuse, and other kinds of disturbing activities. For example, the average American child will witness 200,000 violent acts on television by age 18 (Dowshen and Gavin n. pag 2005). These may lead to serious psychological problems. Too much of TV means that children not exercising, reading, socializing, or spending time outside. Children, who view violent events, are also more likely to believe that the world is scary and that something bad will happen to them. These could have serious negative influence on the growth and development of the child. A review of scientific literature on media violence provides ample evidences that the connection of media violence to real-life aggressive behavior and violence has been largely exposed (Donnerstein and Linz 271-284). Estimates suggest that as much as 10% to 20% of real-life violence may be a duplication of media violence (Comstock and Strasburger 495-509). National Television Violence Study presented the following after a three years study: nearly two thirds of all programming contains violence; children's shows contain the most violence; portrayals of violence are usually glamorized; and perpetrators often go unpunished (Federman 1998). Violence on television can influence people to commit crimes. There is an increase of juvenile crimes in the world. While television violence is not the only cause of aggressive or violent behavior, researchers believe that it is clearly a significant factor. It is important

Business proposal Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business proposal - Coursework Example If the farmers produce more cotton then prices would be lesser to acquire for subsequent production. It is important to note and mention that the leather that would be needed or required is the aniline leather which must have been buffed- a term referred to as full grain. This is so because the texture and finesse of such leather would be subtle to ensure the hands of boxer do not ruffle or hurt during contact or impact to a boxing bag. Waxed linen thread would be useful and beneficial to ensure the tilts fix and form well and perfectly. However, cotton polyester threads would be used to sew the cotton inside while linen threads would be used for tilts. The cotton fillers would be used, but a variety in the concentration would be considered depending on the use of the gloves. Direct labour cost would be divided thrice, the first is the sorting of cotton in terms of finesse. This requires manual laborers who would charge a range of $250-$300 per barrel. The second is the sewing stage where people use machines and would charge $350 per barrel of cotton which would produce 200 pairs of gloves (Golomb 7). The last stage is the finishing where synthetic fabric is waxed and polished by professionals according to world standards. These specialists would charge $400 and the gloves would be ready for market. The overhead costs incurred would be in transporting the finished goods to the prospective markets. This is so because gloves are sold by sporting agencies such as Adidas, thus, the company would incur services of Adidas as selling agents. It goes without saying that as a company, we would pay agency cost to Adidas or any other sports company because they would sell our merchandise on our behalf. Thus, their wages and pay would not only be based on commission thus, their wages would be overhead cost. Customers usually require highly polished synthetic covers because they are easy to customize in

London is one of the most culturally and ethnically diverse cities on Essay

London is one of the most culturally and ethnically diverse cities on the planet. (REPORT) - Essay Example ll kinds of communities from around the world; from Indians to Americans, from Asians to Africans, all kinds of people have settled down in London, combining their cultures and ethnic backgrounds together, and helping each other adjust to one another’s way of life. They say that the entire world has come together to live within this single city and that is what sets it apart. Every block has people eating different kinds of food and wearing different clothes, however what is truly amazing is how people have been able to help each other adapt to different kinds of lifestyles and learn new things about one another. Since the 1990s, greater London has become the fastest growing city in the world with more and more people going to live there because of a better lifestyle, education, health facilities as well as job opportunities. According to a survey conducted, almost every race and culture in the world can claim at least a handful of people living within London! The city consist s of people speaking almost 300 languages in total, with at least 50 communities which have migrated into the city, consisting of a population of almost 10,000 people. The youth forms a major part of the crowd, equipped within the city with great zeal and enthusiasm, waiting to unleash a different perspective on city altogether, with respect to business as well as leisure. Most people are excited about learning new cultures and understanding the needs of other people because of the kind of spirit that they lead their life with. Since most of the people are traditionally from other countries, they have an affinity for adopting other cultures and celebrating various holidays; this is what truly unites the Londoners. However, at the same time, there are many English people that are opposed to this idea of diversity because they feel that their personal faith and religion is lesser in number as compared to the belief systems of immigrants. At the same time, it boils down to a question of

Burn out of social workers in the work place Essay Example for Free

Burn out of social workers in the work place Essay Social workers are people committed to better the lives of others and this is done through varying capacities. Some work with families, children as well as in school while others work in the medical field especially those dealing with mental health. They assist people to amicably deal with domestic conflicts, disabilities, challenging health conditions, economic problems that precipitate housing problems, unemployment as well as issues like drug and substance abuse. (www. bls. gov). Their role in policy making can also not be underscored given their efforts in conducting research and making relevant recommendations as to the best or appropriate strategies. Social workers are also quite influential in the adoption processes as well as single parent assistance. Medical and public health social workers are committed to offering psychological support to people with life threatening conditions for instance HIV Aids and Alzheimer’s disease patients. Social workers can also work in local authorities as well as in government. In pursuit of making the lives of others worth the while, social workers in their respective fields are faced by many challenges. (www. bls. gov). They have to be in constant movement from their offices to where their clients are located and back to their offices where clerical work is done. Most often than not they experience burn outs while in their work a condition that affects their productivity levels. The focus of this paper is to explain why burn out occurs among the social workers, it will illustrate how it occurs, its effects on the organization and thereafter suggest that appropriate solutions to resolve it. The term ‘burn out’ is used to refer to the process or state of mental exhaustion that has a high impact on one’s productivity. In the book Handbook of human factors and ergonomics in health care and patient safety, Carayon presents some signs and symptoms of burn outs in the work place. Burn outs leads to anxiety and lack of zeal. It causes depression and mental exhaustion, poor concentration and memory as well as increased instances of absenteeism and general poor productivity. (Carayon P, 2006). Burn outs are not good for any profession in any organization. They cause a negative impact on interpersonal communication among the various employees in an organization would definitely have a bad effect on the company’s output. (Azar T, 2000). Burn outs increases people irritability and minor issues are magnified and this can be a source of conflicts among the various employees. The overall effects of burn outs are transferred from the individuals affected to the organization as a whole. Organization risk registering high dissatisfaction levels, increased job turn over as well as low morale. In Carayon’s book burn out is defined as ‘the persistent negative work related state of mind that is characterized by exhaustion which is accompanied by distress, a sense of reduced effectiveness and the development of dysfunctional attitudes and behaviors at work’. (Carayon P, 2006). This psychological problem develops gradually and may initially be unnoticed. It arises from the contrast between one’s objectives or intentions and the reality at the job. In most cases burn outs are caused by the adherence of inappropriate or rather inadequate stress coping mechanisms. Prolonged job stress leads to burn outs among the employees in question. Burn outs lead to decreased motivation and creates anti work attitudes. (Carayon P, 2006). Social workers in the various fields experience burn outs while in their work places. This occurs when the organizations they work for fail to meet their high goals and expectations. They feel dissatisfied with their work and this dissatisfaction leads to feeling of disappointment and grief. (Soderfeldt M and Soderfeldt B, 2003). According to a 2006 research it was clear that most social workers are not contented with their work. A high percentage reported high levels of job dissatisfaction and were ready to leave their various organizations. According to them, the value of the work they did was not equivalent to the pay they received. (The Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2006). Social workers suffering from burn outs may feel detached with their clients and this will definitely affect their productivity levels. (Takeda F et al, 2005). Although different people will react differently to burn outs some could isolate themselves and have poor eating and sleeping habits. Others may find solace in alcohol or smoking all of which has a negative effect on their health. The relationship between the social workers experiencing burn outs and their clients as well as with fellow workmates is negatively affected by burn out as it triggers anger. (Lewandowski A, 2003). Organizations suffer economically whenever social workers leave due to the burn out problems. They incur the costs of hiring new employees and training them to be effective. This is made worse by the fact that they have the constraint of scarce resources. Organizations or agencies that fail to address the issues presented by their employees in this context the social workers are more likely to register higher incidences of job turnover which translates to increased costs. (Lewandowski A, 2003). A major cause of the increased instances of burn outs among the social workers is attributed to lack or failure by some agencies to involve them in the decision making processes. The lack of autonomy and the increased bureaucratization in their work place makes them feel alienated or isolated. (Lundy C, 2003). The problems to be handled by social workers become difficult by the day and this demands that the organizations adjust with the changing times if amicable solutions are to be arrived at. In her book, Social work and social justice, Lundy explains that social workers have a challenging job. Financial constraint is a major set back hindering their efficiency or productivity. They have to undergo or rather face job related stress as they try to allocate the minimal resources to match the overwhelming demands. The structure of the social welfare delivery, the mandate of the agencies they work for as well as the needs of their clients also lead to increased stress which precipitates burn outs among the social workers. (Lundy C, 2003). Most social workers are in the job due to a call or vocation to help others and the failure to involve them in the decision making process hinders their effective performance. (Kreisher K, 2002). Great control of funding sources also has a negative effect on the level of satisfaction that social workers derive from their work. The reduced commitment by the government to boost the welfare sector has led to the reduction of funds which makes social work a very challenging profession. (Lewandowski A, 2003). Without the autonomy or involvement in the decision making process they are denied the chance to apply their findings or expertise to directly affect their practice. This hinders the effectiveness of various welfare programs and on not realizing their goals they are frustrated and feel helpless. The ineffectiveness of the sector that they work for may have a direct negative impact on the social workers. They may place themselves in the shoes of their clients who could be victims of abuse or violence and live in fear especially with the knowledge of how ineffective the system is. (Kreisher K, 2002). Given the emerging social and economic conditions, the involvement of social workers in the decision making process would be more of a necessity then a requirement. This would ensure that there is effective division of labor and the work load could be minimized. Workload has negative effects on the employees’ health. This can be backed by a 1999 survey by the Canadian Union of Public social workers which established that increased work load among the social workers in the development services in children aids societies had a negative impact on their well being. To a tune of 87% social workers in the various fields confessed that the increased work load had a negative on their health. (Kreisher K, 2002). Work overload precipitates burn outs. With minimal finances at their disposal, agencies or organizations dealing with welfare hire fewer people than would be required a condition that sees the social workers with a large work load at their disposal. The social workers job predisposes them to risks of physical and verbal abuse and threats at work all of which have negative implications on their mental, physical and social well being. It also has an effect on their job satisfaction levels. In the article ‘Burned out’ Kreisher Kristen argues that the poor pay given to social workers dealing with children and the youth, in the face of the tough economic times has a big role to play in boosting ‘burn outs’ among the social workers. Their job demands are increasing while their reward or pay is dwindling and this is a major disincentive for them. There is need for the welfare organizations to adjust the compensation rates to match the difficult economic times. (Kreisher K, 2002). As Lewandowski in Organizational factors contributing to worker frustration: The precursor to burnout notes disappointments among the social workers have also been aggravated by the fact that their roles or responsibilities have changed and are in contrast with their expectations. Instead of spending more time with their clients in the field they spend more time carrying out clerical work. (Lewandowski A, 2003). For the agencies or organizations accountability is of essence as they are under pressure from the financiers to show how their resources are spent. In other words the agencies are more concerned with the number of people served while the social workers are more concerned with the quality of services provided. The social workers pay is at times affected by gender bias where for instance women dealing with children are lowly paid. (Kreisher K, 2002). The burn out problem can be resolved if appropriate strategies are adopted to help the social workers face the challenges in their work effectively. Prevention of burn out can be handled both at an individual level as well as at an organizational level. Social workers can be advised to take well balanced diets, have enough sleep, talk with their workmates and share their challenges as well as create some time away from the stressful conditions. Social networks are vital as they enable one to connect with their friends and make the stress that they face easier to deal with. Identifying hobbies that would ease the work tension and pressure is also an effective way of reducing the effects of burn outs. Of mush significance is the role of organizations in resolving burn outs among the social workers. Organizations must adapt all inclusive strategies where social workers have a significant role in the decision making process. (Azar T, 2000). This makes them feel appreciated for the roles they play in the organizations. To enable social workers better manage the challenges attached to their work it is important that the social work curriculums be modified to train them on the appropriate ways to handle complex situations. Spending more time training would also ensure that they acquire immense knowledge on how to deal with real life situations. Mentorship programs would also suffice in resolving the problem of burn outs. Strong mentorship where older and experienced social workers share their experiences with younger and inexperienced social workers will provide them with adequate knowledge on how to deal with difficulties while in this job. It will reduce their job stress as they will understand that it is part of their job. Mentorship also provides them with relevant solutions to would be problems while in their jobs. Strong supervision is also vital in ensuring that work load problems that cause burn outs are effectively handled. (Kreisher K, 2002). An organization culture is also crucial in creating or reducing burn out in the work place. Positive cultures must be embraced by all means. Organizations with positive cultures go the extra mile to ensure employee retention. They make them feel that they are part of the organization and involve them in the decision making processes. They also provide financial incentives like paid vacations and health benefits. Team work is also embraced in such organizations and it ensures that job stress does not have adverse effects on the employees. Supportive co workers are essential in reducing job related stress. (Kreisher K, 2002). Organizations must also invest in making the work place safe such that the risks of being physically harmed are minimized. They can train the employees on how to deal amicably with incidences of violence. The effects of social workers burn outs on the individuals, clients and on the organizations are not desirable. The organizations must by all means ensure that employees are retained as increased job turn over sees them lose skilled, experienced and dedicated employees. They must therefore be committed to minimize the job stressors in the work environment to curb burn outs. References Azar T. 2000. Preventing burnout in professionals and paraprofessionals who work with child abuse and neglect cases: A cognitive behavioral approach to supervision. Psychotherapy in Practice, 56, 643-663. Colleen Lundy. 2003. Social Work and Social Justice: A Structural Approach to Practice. Broadview Press. Fumi Takeda. Naoko Ibaraki, Eise Yokoyama, Takeo Miyake and Takashi Ohida. 2005. The Relationship of Job Type to Burnout in Social Workers at Social Welfare Offices. Journal of Occupational Health Vol. 47 (2005), No. 2 119-125 Kristen Kreisher. 2002. Burned Out Childrens Voice Article, July/Aug 2002. Retrieved on 12 August 2008 from http://www. cwla. org/articles/cv0207burnedout. htm. Lewandowski A. 2003. Organizational factors contributing to worker frustration: The precursor to burnout. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 4, 175-185. Pascale Carayon. 2006. Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care and Patient Safety. Routledge Publishers. Soderfeldt M and Soderfeldt B. 2003. Burnout in social work. Social Work, 40, 638-647. Social Workers. Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Editions. Retrieved on 12 August 2008 from http://www. bls. gov/oco/ocos060. htm The Royal College of Psychiatrists. 2006. Mental health, burnout and job satisfaction among mental health social workers in England and Wales. The British Journal of Psychiatry (2006) 188: 75-80. doi: 10. 1192/bjp. 188. 1. 75.